Hubble watches neutron stars collide and explode to create black hole and 'birth atoms'
Neutron Star Collision: Hubble observed the aftermath of two neutron stars merging, an event known as a kilonova. This collision occurs when two densely packed neutron stars spiral into each other due to gravitational waves, culminating in a dramatic explosion.
Formation of a Black Hole: During the collision, if the combined mass of the neutron stars exceeds a certain limit, they collapse under their own gravity to form a black hole. This process is one of the pathways through which black holes can form.
Ejection of Matter: The explosion ejects significant amounts of material into space. This matter is composed primarily of neutrons, but it also includes a variety of heavier elements that are synthesized during the explosion.
Creation of Heavy Elements: The energy released during the collision leads to nuclear reactions that create heavy elements, such as gold and platinum. This process is responsible for generating a substantial portion of the universe's heavy elements.
Birth of Atoms: As the expelled material cools, atoms form from the newly created elements. This “birth of atoms” is a crucial step in the cosmic recycling process, as these elements can eventually contribute to the formation of new stars, planets, and life.
Hubble's Observational Capabilities: Hubble's advanced instruments allow scientists to study the light and other radiation emitted by these explosive events, providing valuable insights into the physics of neutron star collisions and the formation of black holes.
Astrophysical Significance: These observations help scientists understand the origins of black holes, the processes involved in heavy element synthesis, and the overall evolution of galaxies in the universe.
Future Observations: Hubble’s findings pave the way for future research, particularly with newer telescopes and instruments designed to study gravitational waves and the electromagnetic signals associated with such cosmic events.